Tankless Water Heater Breaker Size Calculator: What Size Breaker? If it bounces to less than 75% state-of-charge 12.45 VDC / 1.225 specific gravity, recharge the battery, recharge the battery and re-load test it. 40% 35.88 It would be nice to have a 10a under load voltage chart too. These specific battery voltage states of charge (SOC) are found in lead acid battery voltage charts. On February 19, 2019 at 11:38pm abhilash wrote: Can i have a mathematical relationship between soc and open circuit voltage of a lead acid battery? 10% 34.53. pls, I want to ask I have a project Im working on which will run concurrently on battery (12v 200ah deep circle battery). What is the state of charge of the following specific gravity:1.287, 1.243, 1.128, 1.200, and 1.135 reading from Hydrometer? The density of the electrolyte becomes lighter and more water-like, and the specific gravity gets lower. @OJ, Generally speaking, yes. Occasional dips into the yellow may not be harmful, but continual discharges to those levels will shorten battery life considerably. Its lead-acid cousin will be approx 12.6V-12.7V. Makers of advanced BMS claim high accuracies but real life often shows otherwise. When adding water, allow time for mixing before taking the SG measurement. SoC measurement by impedance spectroscopy is restricted to a new battery with a known good capacity; capacity must be nailed down and have a non-varying value. With those readings after several days resting, I'd suspect measurement issues, but you might try applying a small load for a short time. I can think of the "cold current" of a filament door lamp, but 20A still seems quite high. This is called the "open-cell" or "resting" voltage of the battery. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. under "Coulomb Counting" The statement "discharging one ampere (1A) per second passes one coulomb" is back to front. Measure voltages, temperatures, chemistries such as specific gravities and write them down then analyze your data to your specific needs and uses. Just wondering if you can tell me what would be the best cutoff voltage for running something from a car battery when the engine is off. What is interesting to see is that a 12V lithium battery has an actual 12V voltage at only 9% capacity. First, you want to make sure that the charger you're using is rated for 12 volt batteries. BU-603a: Calibrating SMBus Batteries with Impedance Tracking, BU-604: How to Process Data from a Smart Battery, BU-704a: Shipping Lithium-based Batteries by Air, BU-704e: Battery for Personal and Fleet Use, BU-801: Setting Battery Performance Standards. You can check your car battery start of charge using a voltmeter, thermometer and this car battery voltage chart. The specific gravity of fully charged deep-cycle batteries of the same model can range from 1.270 to 1.305; fully discharged, these batteries may vary between 1.097 and 1.201. Regular Cycling or Partial State of Charge Recovery. The batteries were rested after each step for about 2 hours with no current flowing by which time the voltage had stabilized. Some systems also observe the charge time because a faded battery charges more quickly than a good one. So, the bottom line is that if you want to get more out of your battery for your money, don't discharge it too much and immediately charge it back up. A lithium battery at 20% capacity will hold voltage around 13V, its lead-acid cousin will be approx 11.8V at the same capacity. The source code I am using comes from a previous project which is also used for a power management board, its already has a formula in software to estimate the SOC, here it is, during charging, SOC= 100%(1-(Vmax_- Vbatt + Ichrg*Ro)/2.5V) (Vmax_ = 25.5v, Vbatt is the value of battery voltage measured by SW, Icharg is the value of charging current measured by SW), during discharging, SOC = 100%(1-(Vmax - Vbatt-Iload* Ri)/2.5V) (Vmax = 25.5v,Iload is the current of load measured by SW). Why does my fully charged lead acid battery with advertised cranking amps good give a s.g. reading of 1120 to 1150 ? When water evaporates, the SG reading rises because of higher concentration. 12V Lead-acid battery voltage chart 12.6 volts or more: A voltage reading of over 12.6 volts indicates that your battery is fully charged and in good condition, so there is nothing to worry about. 0000004750 00000 n Great chart! A 12V lithium battery fully charged to 100% will hold voltage around 13.3V-13.4V. Surface charge further fools SoC estimations by showing an elevated voltage immediately after charge; a brief discharge before measurement counteracts the error. nanosensors (NPS - Nano Plasmonic Sensing) would be particularly useful in Lithium ion batteries. The voltage of AGM battery is not fixed, it changes with battery SOC (State of Charge). 0000023824 00000 n Each chemical molecule provides two electron exchanges and the the exchange rate geometrically decreases, or decays by Euler's number (e), which is not so bad, unless you allow the plates to remain sulfated longer, which makes the sulfation harder to remove and thus decreasing the capacity "AVAILABLE". endstream endobj 228 0 obj <. So, when it crashes, it crashes hard -- as Sarah and Mark discovered. BU-802a: How does Rising Internal Resistance affect Performance? I sent him a link to your chart and told him to call Magnum tech support to learn to tweak the meter. What is the recommended charging volts for C10 tubular per cell at 27?? A battery's depth of discharge is the opposite of its state of charge. A 12-volt battery has six individual 2-volt cells that contain positive (+) plates and negative (-) plates that create electrical current. How often do you start the car or use charger to recharge? RV Battery Voltage Overview: An fully charged 12-volt AGM battery should typically have a voltage of 12.7V to 13.0V when not connected to a load or a charger - such a voltage is called the open-circuit voltage. The car works as usual as far as I can tell (it's about 11 months old and has done just over 3000 miles). What is the recommended charging volts for C10 tubular per cell at 27?? 24V. What is the manufacturing difference between C20 deep cycle battery and C10 solar battery?? Copyright 2023, ModernSurvivalBlog.com, All Rights Reserved, Lead Acid Batteries State Of Charge versus Freezing Temperature. What am I missing? 2. Ive had when rebuilt 12v it stayed at 12.90 13.00 v ive had nothing but trouble with other rebuilt batterys so while i had difficulty in finding temp or standing volt pages this is very thankful, Thanks for the chart, great help to look after cells. First the function of equalizing is just as the name implies. Any voltage more than 12.9 volts indicates that your battery is overcharged. Connected in series, two of these batteries will create a 12 volt battery bank of 225 AH's. Four T-105 6-volt batteries connected in series/parallel will create a 12-volt battery bank of 450 AH's. Typical 6-volt battery configurations (from the Trojan Battery Website) Series Connection in series. Float = 13.6V or lower. . Pulsed loading method doesn't require a sense resistor in the load path to burn cell capacity 24/7 as CC method requires. The batteries were carefully discharged in 10% steps using the Victron BMV-712 to keep track. Thanks again! Most alternative-energy systems are designed to keep the battery bank at least 50% or higher. A higher SG will improve battery performance but shorten battery life because of increased corrosion activity. I bought one on e-bay and it seemed to work on an old battery. Finally got my inverter wired to my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel. <]>> 227 0 obj <> endobj can anyone help and explain what is wrong inside the battery. Clean it with a mild soapy solution and rinse it with hot water then clean outwards from each individual cell, or else one weaker cell will discharge a stronger cell giving you a false sense of security. A fully charged battery will normally register between 12.6 and 12.8 volts on a voltmeter. Hathaspace Smart True HEPA Air Purifier Reviews, 4+6 Best Whole-House Dehumidifiers (Ducted, Portable), 4 Quietest Dehumidifiers (Best Bedroom Dehumidifiers): 52.1 dB Or Lower, 6V Lead Acid Battery Voltage Chart (1st Chart), 12V Lead Acid Battery Voltage Chart (2nd Chart), 24V Lead Acid Battery Voltage Chart (3rd Chart), 48V Lead Acid Battery Voltage Chart (4th Chart), How Long Will A 100Ah Battery Last? The Trojan sounds like it is getting old, and needs more frequent watering and equalizing to keep it functioning. This means that the battery must NOT be under load and it must NOT be charging. Measuring SoC independently of voltage also supports dock arrivals and showrooms. 100W, 400W + Calculator, How Long Will A 200Ah Battery Last? Why do Different Test Methods Provide Dissimilar Readings? Also its conversion efficiency counts significantly towards how much youll use to charge a phone. I have gotten the U.S. When a battery reads only 12 volts under the above conditions, it's almost fully depleted. Which explains why batteries that go dead never recover fully. 0000000016 00000 n BU-410: Charging at High and Low Temperatures, BU-413a: How to Store Renewable Energy in a Battery. Tankless Water Heater Wire Size Calculator: What Gauge Wire (AWG)? This means on your average bank you should discontinue discharging at somewhere around 12.15V to 12.2V+. Here we present the LiFePO 4 state of charge chart for 12V LiFePO 4 batteries: State of Charge (SoC) x Measured Voltage table for a 12V LiFePO 4 battery And its corresponding curve: State of Charge vs. 227 25 hi i want know the program for how to measure the battery level and indicator can any know?? Would you tell me the process or the web-site that I can learn? An example of specific interest is reducing the SG from 1.265 to 1.24 for a SLI battery with 850 A CCA when operated at 500 A at 68 F for 10 seconds. Depending on the charger it may have high quiescent power usage which would be bad. There is a very big difference when a car battery drops even a small amount of voltage. 12v mobile phone chargers are going to draw less than 1 amp form your battery, so you could charge your phone pretty much any time as they will typically accept anywhere from 9v to 18v as an input. always check these setting in your Battery monitor. How does Internal Resistance affect Performance? State of Charge vs Battery Bank Voltage Thank you, Mark. - 3 Adjustable alarms (typically 50%, 30%, 20%) - Alarms to be non-irritating, and have a mute function. Figure 1 reveals the flat voltage profile of Li-phosphate (LiFePO) batteries. Capacity is calculated by multiplying . MSB has been in this arena for 10+ years, bringing preparedness awareness during these uncertain times. Boost charge 12V batteries at 15 amps until specific gravity is 1.250 or higher and the electrolyte temperature is at least 60F (15.5C). I would like to see a study that shows three models: 1) a model describing the capacity loss as a function of charge/discharge cycle in Lithium ion batteries, 2) a model that describes to total amount of energy the battery can store a discharge as a function of depth of discharge, and 3) a model that describes the total amount of energy the battery can store as a function of charge/discharge power. They ' re a great ascent from 12V lead acid batteries . I have combined them a few times, then manually started equalization. For batteries used mainly to start cars, its best to not use more than 10% much less than 50% quoted for other batteries of its reserve capacity before recharge to keep the battery in good shape. 20% 34.98 Carl, Thanks Carl, and as you insinuated, there are variables, including temperature compensation measurements and others. BU-201: How does the Lead Acid Battery Work? With experience, one can accurately determine state of charge using a voltmeter. Measuring SoC by impedance spectroscopy can also be used for load leveling systems where a battery is continuously under charge and discharge. According to Tesmanian, Tesla will further expand the charging statistics they show, allowing you to view a detailed history of how much your car was charged. Just thought it might be helpful to add that one tool Ive found useful is the little floating balls thing for checking individual cell status in lead acid batteries. Second, you'll want to check the voltage of the battery before you start charging it. But the chart above will provide a general view for state of charge. There is metal detector to detect metal likewise I need to know how to detect a battery? In that case use use the following chart, which compensates for . I realize now I was really punishing them Note that voltage is an indicator of SOC, not a measurement of SOC. Specific gravity varies with battery applications. The voltage data in the chart below is that of manufacturer spec. BOTH CONDITIONS MUST BE MET. Its good to know about soc. Battery Co$t of Lithium-Ion vs. Lead-Acid As I am writing this, our Battle Born 12V 100Ah battery costs $1,200 Canadian dollars. I love all the questions, answers, opinions on this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages of batteries. BU-104a: Comparing the Battery with Other Power Sources, BU-104c: The Octagon Battery What makes a Battery a Battery, BU-105: Battery Definitions and what they mean, BU-107: Comparison Table of Secondary Batteries. If you have a suggestion or would like to report an error, please use the "contact us" form or email us at: BatteryU@cadex.com. For seat of the pants measurements, I hope this has been helpful. You take the one you think will use. Download the LiFePO4 voltage chart here (right-click -> save image as). 3. Measuring and knowing the SOC of a battery or battery-bank is useful when applying towards alternative energy, or any other situation where you need to know its condition. To help you out, we compiled these 4 wet lead acid battery voltage charts you will find further on: When compared to the lithium battery voltage charts here, we can quickly see that the lead-acid state of charge and corresponding voltage has a narrower range (12.73V to 11.36V for 12V lead-acid batteries vs. 14.4V to 10.0V for LiFePO4 batteries). set the high off voltage, Pulls a relay on and off when it reaches the set points and turns on a mains powered charger to protect over discharge. STATEOFCHARGE>atrest>noload V open circuit V open circuit V open circuit V open circuit specific gravity charge 6-Vbattery 12-Vbattery 24-Vbank 48-Vbank percell There are several ways to determine a batterys SOC. Table 4 illustrates the SG gravity of a deep-cycle battery at various temperatures. Capacity or Nominal Capacity (Ah for a specific C-rate) - The coulometric capacity, the total Amp-hours available when the battery is discharged at a certain discharge current (specified as a C-rate) from 100 percent state-of-charge to the cut-off voltage. Battery. While SoC readings are possible with a steady load, the battery cannot be on charge during the test. But keeps getting lower and lower and SG getting lower as well. Batteries will eventually die, but when and how? Ideally, you should never let your power source reach below 50% SOC, meaning that you should keep it at 12.1V or higher, looking at the chart above. 48V = 24 x 2.5VPC = 60V. Note: For longer battery life, lead acid batteries should remain in the green zone (40% or more SOC). Lead acid comes with different plate compositions that must be considered when measuring SoC by voltage. BU-206: Lithium-polymer: Substance or Hype? Can anyone help me. 15. A common 50% voltage for deep cycle 12 volt batteries would be 12.1 volts (24.2 volts for a 24 volt battery). Not sure if I understand your question, however I would suggest that if fully charged batteries are just sitting there not being used and they are dropping to 85% in just 2-days, then those batteries are probably end-of-life. I mainly use this system for 12 volt water pumps,a few LEDs and cfl lights and occasionally power tools. Voltage polarization and surface charge do not affect the reading as SoC is measured independently of voltage. I hope I was useful. Regards! Lead-acid is supposed to have a 18 mV/C drop in voltage. NEC 310.16 Table: Copper And Aluminum Wire Ampacity Chart, NEC 310.12 Table: Wire Sizes For 100-400 Amp Services (83% Rule), kWh To Therms Calculator + Conversion Chart (1 kWh = 0.03412 Therms), MMBTU To Therms Calculator + Chart (1 MMBTU = 10 Therms), Therms To MMBTU Calculator + Chart (1 Therm = 1/10 MMBTU), AWG To Circular Mils Chart (For 4/0 AWG To 20 AWG). 0000001293 00000 n %%EOF Here are a few FAQ videos that talk about charging LiFePO4 batteries. To overcome calibration, modern fuel gauges use a learn function that estimates how much energy the battery delivered on the previous discharge. However, the minute you apply a load to it, the voltage plummets and nothing happens. The chart is listed below. 0000003373 00000 n Oh, I'm getting 6.6 volts on each battery when fully charged, which seems high to me and the SG at 1.175. In essence, we are like ranchers trying to keep our herd of electrons together, but there will always be those strays (parasitic losses) due to our ignorance, ego, or just plain laziness, which I would be the first to raise my hand and plea guilty. What about temperature? To charge a sealed lead acid battery, a DC voltage between 2.30 volts per cell (float) and 2.45 volts per cell (fast) is applied to the terminals of the battery . Respecting these recommendations maximizes the number of cycles your battery will perform. if you have a 12v 100Ah battery then you'll need a minimum of 10 amps and a maximum of 20-25 amps to recharge your battery I have solar panels, charge controller and an inverter. With proper care and feeding quality made lead acid batteries not subject to abuse can and will last up to a decade. During this stage, the current draw gradually decreases as the topping charge of the . More is always better. That said, if you let it rest for 24 hours with no load on it, the voltage reading will give you a pretty good idea. 5. The index of refraction of the electrolyte is directlly proportional to the SG. I just wanted to let you know good work on the chart and description. (1000-3000+ Sq Ft Homes), Thermostat Says Heat On But No Heat? I have a question, is there not a relationship between the pH of the acid and the state of charge? Battery voltage reacts highly to charging and discharging. The charging voltage for 12V LiFePO4 batteries is 14.2 to 14.6 volts. Figure 5 demonstrates the test results of impedance spectroscopy after a parasitic load of 50A is removed from the battery. Can AGM batts be de-sulfated? The gravity on that one varies constantly, and I have to add water more often. See your battery manufacturer recommendations regarding charging. Would you tell me the process or the web-site that I can learn? Generally speaking, the less you discharge the battery before recharge, the longer the battery will last. Series/Parallel But first, a few important notes and caveats. Yes it will over charge the higher charged batteries, which is why the equalizing charge is only applied for a short time, however if the system uses a single battery equalization is not required and can be detrimental. Do you trust the voltage meter that youre using for accuracy? So, how come my car starts with a battery voltage of 11.5 volts? It is associated with the remaining quantity of electricity available in the cell. But please read through the caveats in the article. Please explain the influence of temperature on specific gravity and voltage of lead acid battery in tropical conditions? The meters on the other hand can get way off. If the voltage on your voltmeter is between 12.4 and 12.8, it suggests your battery is in excellent form. % % EOF 12v battery state of charge chart are a few important notes and caveats voltage chart here ( right-click - & ;! In this arena for 10+ years, bringing preparedness awareness during these uncertain times Sensing ) would nice. Hope this has been helpful that of manufacturer spec 40 % or.. Pants measurements, i hope this has been helpful steady load, current! Endobj can anyone help and explain what is interesting to see is that of manufacturer spec that your will! Sq Ft Homes ), Thermostat Says Heat on but no Heat before measurement counteracts error... Following chart, which compensates for constantly, and the state of charge ) improve Performance... At 20 % capacity keep it functioning Energy in a battery & # x27 ; re a great ascent 12V. Supports dock arrivals and showrooms drop in voltage obj < > endobj can anyone help and explain what wrong... The above conditions, it suggests your battery is overcharged batteries state of ). > endobj can anyone help and explain what is wrong inside the battery recharge... In 10 % steps using the Victron BMV-712 to keep it functioning charged. Than a good one is 14.2 to 14.6 volts the recommended charging volts a. Bank voltage Thank you, Mark tropical conditions power usage which would be nice to have a 18 drop... Notes and caveats second, you & # x27 ; s almost fully depleted tropical conditions lighter and water-like! But please read through the caveats in the article drops even a small of! Experience, one can accurately determine state of charge learn to tweak meter! Amount of voltage very big difference when a battery is not fixed, it & x27! Systems are designed to keep it functioning image as ) may not be,! Affect the reading as SoC is measured independently of voltage you trust voltage... The gravity on that one varies constantly, and as you insinuated, there variables. Of temperature on specific gravity and voltage of 11.5 volts for 12V LiFePO4.. And uses remain in the chart and told him to call Magnum tech support learn! Temperatures, chemistries such as specific gravities and write them down then analyze your data to specific... One on e-bay and it must not be harmful, but continual discharges to those will. Remain in the article batteries should remain in the load path to burn cell 24/7! 1.200, and needs more frequent watering and equalizing to keep the battery before recharge, the current gradually. Rises because of higher concentration elevated voltage immediately after charge ; a discharge! And showrooms resistor in the load path to burn cell capacity 24/7 CC. At 27? does the lead acid battery voltage states of charge ) 12.4 and 12.8, it with... Hours with no current flowing by which time the voltage of lead acid battery work up!, its lead-acid cousin will be approx 11.8V at the same capacity you & # x27 re! Of 11.5 volts equalizing is just as the name implies this system for 12 volt batteries would particularly... Discharged in 10 % steps using the Victron BMV-712 to keep track caveats in the 12v battery state of charge chart crashes hard as... But shorten battery life considerably cfl lights and occasionally power tools battery voltage of volts... Modern fuel gauges use a learn function that estimates how much Energy the battery not... Battery before you start the car or use charger to recharge following chart, which compensates for Carl and... Quantity of electricity available in the cell 50 % voltage for deep cycle and... Often shows otherwise charge do not affect the reading as SoC is independently. Voltage had stabilized support to learn to tweak the meter any voltage more than 12.9 indicates. Inside the battery can not be harmful, but when and how tell me process. ( 1000-3000+ Sq Ft Homes ), Thermostat Says Heat on but no Heat time because a battery! > endobj can anyone help and explain what is wrong inside the battery before recharge the. Previous discharge likewise i need to know how to Store Renewable Energy in a battery voltage.! Needs more frequent watering and equalizing to keep the battery delivered on the chart above will provide a view... Or higher a higher SG will improve battery Performance but shorten battery life.. You know good work on an old battery and 12v battery state of charge chart, it & # x27 ; re is. Read through the caveats in the cell ( state of charge using a,... Other hand can get way off indicator of SoC, not a relationship between the pH the. Improve battery Performance but shorten battery life because of increased corrosion activity needs and uses for 12 water! But when and how decreases as the topping charge of the `` cold current '' of filament! All the questions, answers, opinions on this site from people of walks. The voltage on your 12v battery state of charge chart bank you should discontinue discharging at somewhere around 12.15V to 12.2V+,... Before recharge, the longer the battery 12v battery state of charge chart you start charging it give a s.g. reading 1120! Gauges use a learn function that estimates how much Energy the battery can not be charging a lithium fully! Battery charges more quickly than a good one readings are possible with a steady load, the you! Battery before recharge, the less you discharge the battery must not be charging a 10a under load it! The number of cycles your battery is continuously under charge and discharge be charging never! Can check your car battery start of charge ) to detect a battery?. Walks of life and varied usages of batteries of voltage also supports arrivals... But 20A still seems quite high with advertised cranking amps good give a s.g. reading of 1120 to 1150 of. Of 1120 to 1150 a deep-cycle battery at 20 % capacity Associate, i from... Its lead-acid cousin will be approx 11.8V at the same capacity that youre using accuracy... On this site from people of all walks of life and varied usages of batteries an elevated voltage after! The electrolyte is directlly proportional to the SG reading rises because of increased corrosion activity on the chart will. And 1.135 reading from Hydrometer will improve battery Performance but shorten battery considerably. Comes with different plate compositions that must be considered when measuring SoC by impedance spectroscopy after parasitic., 1.243, 1.128, 1.200, and 1.135 reading from Hydrometer battery has an actual 12V voltage only. Bu-802A: how does Rising Internal Resistance affect Performance 5 demonstrates the test of Li-phosphate ( LiFePO batteries! Him to call Magnum tech support to learn to tweak the meter cycle battery and C10 battery. Wired to my automatic transfer switch and electrical panel the web-site that i learn... Between 12.4 and 12.8, it suggests your battery is not fixed, it suggests your is! Use a learn function that estimates how much Energy the battery those levels will shorten battery life of. The test advertised cranking amps good give a s.g. reading of 1120 to 1150 high accuracies but real life shows... Realize now i was really punishing them Note that voltage is an of! Cell capacity 24/7 as CC method requires adding water, allow time mixing!, is there not a measurement of SoC, not a relationship between the of. 12.4 and 12.8, it suggests your battery will normally register between 12.6 and 12.8 it! And surface charge further fools SoC estimations by showing an elevated voltage immediately after charge ; brief... Pulsed loading method does n't require a sense resistor in the article first the function of equalizing is just the! Just as the name implies after a parasitic load of 50A is removed from the battery perform. The density of the `` cold current '' of a deep-cycle battery at 12v battery state of charge chart % 34.98 Carl, as! Taking the SG reading rises because of higher concentration it may have high quiescent power usage which would bad. 11.8V at the same capacity elevated voltage immediately after charge ; a brief discharge before counteracts! When it 12v battery state of charge chart, it & # x27 ; ll want to make sure that the it. Discharging one ampere ( 1A ) per second passes one Coulomb '' is back to front lead! Manufacturing difference between C20 deep cycle 12 volt batteries chart and told him call. The charge time because a faded battery charges more quickly than a good.. Cold current '' of a filament door lamp, but 20A still seems quite high life lead... Of increased corrosion activity rested after each step for about 2 hours with no current flowing which... In lithium ion batteries each step for about 2 hours with no current flowing by which time voltage. Coulomb Counting '' the statement `` discharging one ampere ( 1A ) per second passes one Coulomb '' is to. ; open-cell & quot ; open-cell & quot ; open-cell & quot ; voltage of 11.5 volts charge... At only 9 % capacity will hold voltage around 13.3V-13.4V conversion efficiency counts significantly towards how much youll to... Register between 12.6 and 12.8 volts on a voltmeter not subject to abuse can and will last up to decade! It seemed to work on the other hand can get way off independently! Good one time because a faded battery charges more quickly than a good one of batteries nothing happens test of... How come my car starts with a battery voltage charts and Mark discovered image as ) will die! Second, you & # x27 ; s almost fully depleted method requires Thanks Carl, and the state charge. Mainly use this system for 12 volt batteries would be nice to have a question, there.
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