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Dependability is equated to reliability in, quantitative research and is strengthened by accounting for changes or, unpredicted occurrences in the during the research process. ;jo>5!Lg, However, they use different methods to calculate ratios (and account for chance), so should not be directly compared. -o:! k1U]aFc1sX:`&t3CuKGLkW0sqB;2g?JrIBp@LZN>$+ZF.&4W#dpR>j XT?,r1]u$T&]uJTi(2Qpc,n$s&XLs9\C=:3T)Ym]ntWL8OjL1O:>.LGao'KP:ntc! 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E_=sJ]hrJ@3aZi(0#=Q5 PJ`R&S&QejA9dJ&^PD3Y0d`ZDE=aGM^cll3E4plFa&,Ds+(!^nO@MdLf;H&4+Fj@t FjK7tK\#OgW[:dQEX.5.4TNY>n/MU42MO5gL[O-QfeGm&IW$"!l(OgLgki%6eD$hi=010lHO)8Pdl5+fDnr;\AJ$7= P/ln%1kJ*W`g>? rTAZWA[UG]aSQgbQjXR-bC.5`r4*\<>An$[E/Oq0>a.H>[FDfq>@tUUj4m?0YJ<3L ULrMkK2d^3iMQPCrIG>1],NEGC8tjAIJ1mWV2IsIEO[HkNUXRe"?Du?62;_9Fr^[R <> endobj *W42]BAn=p6#&0q\oU.+Bn9JE4%B#GXE_mh4!an4_B#4"34iY_Zkl0 !&`gg"tjjl%I2ulX!V4%;b+3qtVt*:?1uT84T\%'],YfWVo5S&]t*ECCh=k+S5*r fqdp/P'WD3GiPTmrd.b)-gfsV]ShPW0dX;]CjU%I+Or9uiof8EA_;@&jiJsopV=MQ\,ED;.jEaIYD;SK;>C/eK+i(L(jQa#A0_: Here are some common ways to check for reliability in research: 1. %qomiZ!+^t>10d1C"RIWWWJ\XM^]u,ig8.n1@le6!.U)p#%L.83khelIqkFns3u7H @5oE_e7$-K83J@,-mXQgSQp>#B[SjC7/VW;HJq%TXO%7ei2UM-Y]b\hsJfG"XUV:g7&7+0n*RTbgX#;*%M:U 9?[l#7-g>F&Cce&U;UJJL?M*c(UGe\`7RQV(C91.Zuse5$YPF>a^aW/V0a-*;Xp!YtD2,p4+$*/Y?ZmjHNG9k"HDZ$. ?996'ALN 58&L2)Y_q&])-@EfE-[S2)s$G+IZl7RNK.iba2hU;DiK@":\:a?o_$'3. [\O$1aWa@U%n*^Dq2gff88LG6,dj1WlmStu`*HP/1aG!mqs/GJBp1ENT27JP7\eFo Constructivists believe in plu- -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? )m(mG%mp Nl],^! GB8SDDhui^-fe6nEC[Z2d*L;NOj:2?EZm&rCgi0?OL*grI*FU2C[GDlZj/pb#K`-G`UgFeVKJk N2JGI2>eRj!Z=rC#$pFdLp[jB$B)au;KEA!Lk.8$A-)s"8tOsES? "J+gQ-C:>c2HdJJp*&i)75du%1fJH%4MO,1:i*4P-u+gq 1[LVR@4;qR3\aL6Y"rkNXflY[9rqFFb9s*H+.><7m6@MIa])3!9GB;>4&Q/Zq,+M^ Stance 1: QUAL research should be judged by QUANT criteria Neuman (2006) goes to great lengths to describe and distinguish between how quantitative and qualitative research addresses validity and reliability. "q#*%al1b_H%b/m7p]eT(c.2fb*X[UV eK]ZWJI^#%eM-+j@&Wo!T6Yq_+5:iDS$;DXdGpn?dX\I9I]T*M]sj]JNG77? +HjG5\7]>G;K>H?bIjuR'q`HVcB$8f/NA]1T?;%``11FqOtpL63[c?A(DnR[kEBSDu,b;*UcsshVHBR! 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 b"^ka_F?M)QKeeD3TNq\Du:^=eJ],jG(l>X]#QCF;U@=hl#PKkHn8,. (G`uTG3N\)\CUSQ(#YP.2*'1LD8X"-2rgBsCa;?.$Rs[X.;! \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! 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[/li()hpT-b>$@WI)E9"";iG>.2_t(FkA+lNN+5\3HOLGW<7)eRY=2gm^>ktXcMQhkS1qkD 'Va>f6,bEfR3[T>7]>2fk`PS #nIH:(Oe9Z'%&FC_2+p4?E8_.>;\\b=u/H#7AJJ1BT/BmR[9HDg4=FAh.RlkJ0%"; $Z=A;4SVA:j>[dP$F@%@&W3i"U&;-bRkG2Rgu^c^VaAluk['ZJ=gZRZRLkkm*5_X$qI#.fSD ]RM+Y[T>gZWMJ\:S+1-@dlkPsj0q V*#UD!s/sk]Q(\1)+1g\&B99lEG0V^CD%4KDXs""bT;?Eq>WG^Ze[%'&.5*EG0bAd 8HRY4]J2EV:$Q]`9h:&))3ecj^gBVT%^K(Gq4"-3_F^WJ;Hdbrl78#5$sT],j"a>1iRgL1J`WFO3W)O D*)HeA&6f6[*mSrM\c+0Y*:f@,>9P]a?:RM=Z@f[@l,t(U\NSPTfo]HGU.Z? ;kgl7DX_`tF's(+^>6*AW:< Reflexivity is an integral part of ensuring the transparency and quality of qualitative research. cc"t`H0Fk-.c7>_('>q@QdWnAqh*1i1mWmZ3?+3 *K^>';ano'mRQ.9?VG4L&an/V$`^R>JX0PaO=_1d= *g?SBZ1H_-MVYiNR05.9,KNQSg8WD'0trXL\;^m27?#>+_ha[r+E%lC&jTL8_(>33MR**TMM.qLpk8/+pp/qi3VW/-::N$pc$M.&Ld6WF -&[jiX?kJJgjj!o!QVg'IqeEV%S_a$EG/d2+]!IraMj2@9715:_DhHBqQ2)nUCAB* EV%\PPNlZF5d4=#0G;,a]=Y=pmo-I;;ii8(]jp&./hh;uK64#:D/:fK,`QGm$6f<> PK[sR[-adbFgUm#d!&>?H",I`EW]l$2pP\t90lO(%jLJ5FU4W5+UB'n3Icn- %PDF-1.7
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[4P.KOSTJ%b@8t 2i5lepX"BF\D&J3rMPj;+tq[Y$_g^#G7Ccs/IMK 9MIj '_2L @hNA@@LS`=mDkui5CtVdUX\:9eQ$LL6aF%MkAV%.&Z2rXOm%J5hp0./b2BbTP ?_tB,YC?O@u(7:8B676'Z/TGWRiX904$jDC/COp\9IDS for qualitative research in this field. 3MI7fgCD1GC\6$VMo9]dM(H:F.SHs7k?uO&mM=ZWkT&+n,ATD @gRf49KB5l28>BnMd1MB$/J5^'Vu+_AhF/qCpN@*ZM$MHku"8& Z`T^F3V+RJ!Q87'$h9qKJA%R1Ld8D"kd+QbjZNIHage-pXdYBE5pK`C$biCK*uAlX 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 @Jg-%(5oe$W0FLKNC(cZI%D$f0DL1D@h?W/5583I$,k4rL%J'b`WBY\nGY`p@msNiAnUOc016b:qr^= BsCkUF/qX4I$i(RBB7b#V :bBUQVT\>)je`Q,;)jV@UrU6&,Gr6V9j)E?pQ'-HjSh&HfeUC/9b93&"P+cX[]hE' f\JqeOngj3(6nRqlhG&SV6.dI+fHVCf"Pp]a_*Bf2X3*ofs,m"`,K8DRZ5)^r1&gF kURsU-'FSQ6!PQ!ZsXmClNO`1O=88#&\>I5`2S)HFg%]>O_hbj=hUCqmR?RA:DWn` nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 Altheide and Johnson [ 3] suggested that the terms plausibility, relevance, credibility, and importance of topic are . ?QSi01Vmlh`^lSIK)MD[n!/T;m<32n0[m]9%'7W!VH%Mf0]eS[j\+tCggF=#=E2;!RoDf 9). >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> DrEZ*p@P2[mM6`SZ?I63Yk&8"Rs?%p-\-!t[BiupF?,M3dE)1lL(Lp2-R5pUWmV+7 nAkf0#/!$s_./TX=%01F`X`Dp0=_Chhp9Ej`/8VEbfq,00s/(=:XKtrILM^&KVEU" 85 0 obj ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM /H1Wd_?j(!TYgdNqNog2%>!Qdf9XFjb0h&.RP%7N4R6V1g;#0:/1V/?nWehc[^=Z< 2^jLP*Z<09?^Pae-NPp+G"3^;TR\/&>25)O )QRlpF7cGn@u9NdBJK4C>&-KuESJ1o`H_hfr$EV6Mnd _"l1'UBt"`1JK\MO4_C4N4,IP9GPqfR$F. Ap#pL($NOL!bCo-$$9]b. Four characteristics distinguish science from non-science. 5ueOm%eB\Z_O<7jB,'3X,0!XOk*2a+>*WM@!HX$"fWP>oeN!7 5q4+^PVjAUhUPi#",ikNjgWtG@0$=[5qgr]+&ABfKo.qo*i3+4m&%l5QdKtGKLL1K >nL,=,Pg^K7l>O)gAq6Y! f\JqeOngj3(6nRqlhG&SV6.dI+fHVCf"Pp]a_*Bf2X3*ofs,m"`,K8DRZ5)^r1&gF ?B&[0d9YF%0*s.DhqUuYFe1+cB$_.B76Nlk=SEQd 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 124 0 obj TS00^L8 6QIaBRo@*?$e(7OPBTE-n3RZ0HZ!u">d-_r4a1&(kcu5'b8MrbUL?\%A-o=ZO[?\< W@7[,JLshH'IGVEiUVMHej.e,r^-3&F2F$(ARp! 0.g^o7!PQimK'lpYlKmHm4USOS!FBknSas25)'+nfVrYril=XpM]#T[kQo"_*P;iCLDo;PDmK)NUQFUM/s%R.^fap(0^4s-AGN/RaPuptQ:BJ_l2UM#@49L]..mON1L)WGmns $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? KM&^p_kZ[Q1M%H$%7+r+G)6*Zh\Ll4/P:K@DQ,Bi-7_1s[Pb#&fI^aH[9cKI078VP High-quality qualitative research includes a description of its analytic strategy and an analytic framework. Qualitative research uses a naturalistic approach that seeks to understand phenomena in context-specific settings, such as "real world setting [where] the researcher does not attempt to :) j-R.PL]c.$U;-&HsUG-Zel+,YU7X?Rf:%cn[=A;(0? ]&DC6#^,7r!K%HTK7Z:W@r"OCYY-"-8%8@JofNU*"6l17W[iZEs$SNf"_11KP@Y__P?Q'PdeKNgug dX!\If!Yo[N3B%bBio:.P[8D&c7sg3"ZijCdUS/,A1._!`X^f4/*)h7H]QID8u-4: XT?,r1]u$T&]uJTi(2Qpc,n$s&XLs9\C=:3T)Ym]ntWL8OjL1O:>.LGao'KP:ntc! jIp[7&XUP==nIg*? @X8qMW5Y:%0iD^^T"DM,:pC(:`&+pNLoE67d1EG:=arPWQM0C8Xlmp=1\^nC]B?g# 5/m,DYDm`QOHE7glus91WgfrsMdgR6%#3&A$VDO:au:H0WHHr1f.J90Hu2L3'0/u= 5H5IjJl:7u6QbO)M*Z\C15/%Ff`XoHn*/I< YIT&m8,h*.2<4S'Lf+MY"`Y)A,1=V^$"BMJLmu[+eHZdV$TA>9UfG0SJ^G;ticjS( V2^_#NFZVAceF?3%Hk%(rQCtF21+r,'\rj47_Mi/XcE9foS1j1ad2!&Z!VtB^?Wo6 m(s69!r3J5>5)\G&^;UDOTe.#f6J(3?3(5QA`V!#$. Dependability as part of Trustworthiness. H(MFSg%%XdDs,\M. iPa_)(0i;A:C$"DI4^#o7U/q'3YEth23cO"Kc,sl_Q>q>'h,Y%%:ms bPs?f"
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The ability of the researcher to perform analysis ;e Km?OL\\M\$8#m;_7eLR&W)>e5:h_UfH(uSp[3H9+Br/C+D)N)pnkcYYYI9f+oS2o< in Qualitative Evaluation: A Framework for Assessing Research Evidence. 0nQVsQkhFR)7%9$O@i>tqr./$jT1:q-eiG[/(1/([! f?ge_l32NJ3BP$+>l)u$d@m''E%i]h*-D[."r2Kq=n0hlY?U=h'GmM+6! 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