You might be a pretendian if your star quilt was bought at Target or has Chewbacca on it. Screenshots and links. Keeler seems to be going on the latter much of the time and is not humble enough admit an error when she comes to an erroneous conclusion, that is later refuted by hard evidence. And I'm sure it will. May 14, 2021 / May 19, 2021 by Angelina Newsom | 12 Comments on Opinion: The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keelers Alleged Pretendian List. Timothy B. Powell, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press (1999), Anthes, Bill. Distorted Descent: White Claims to Indigenous Identity, Inventing an Indigenous People in Algonquin Territory, Settler Colonialism + Native Ghosts: An Autoethnographic Account of the Imaginarium of Late Capitalist/Colonialist Storytelling, Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo, Becoming Indian: The Struggle Over Cherokee Identity in the Twenty-First Century, Native American DNA: Tribal Belonging and the False Promise of Genetic Science, APTN Investigates: Cowboys and Pretendians, "Indigenous 'Race Shifting' Red Flags: A Quick Primer for Reporters and Others", Pretendians and Their Impact on Mtis Identity in the Academy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretendian&oldid=1138314384, Erika T. Wurth is a novelist claiming Apache/Chickasaw/Cherokee descent whose novel, This page was last edited on 9 February 2023, at 01:08. ", "Alberta Premier Danielle Smith says she has Cherokee roots, but the records don't back that up", "Warren suggests 'American Indian' might appear on other documents", "Cherokee Nation responds to Senator Warren's DNA test", "Report: Elizabeth Warren Identified as American Indian in Texas Bar Registration", "Elizabeth Warren apologizes for calling herself Native American", "Elizabeth Warren apologizes for identifying as Native American on Texas bar registration card", "Birth certificate contradicts Mary Ellen Turpel-Lafond's account of her father's parentage and ancestry", "Should museums verify claims of Indigenous ancestry? Keeler said the list was a collaboration of many researchers, journalists and activists, but that she had been the one to compile those efforts into a single place. [31], In January 2021, Navajo journalist Jacqueline Keeler began investigating the problem of settler self-indigenization in academia. "It's not reconnection if I don't like you" Kendian Cornsilk. [35], There are several possible explanations for why people adopt pretendian identities. Sacheen's estranged sister (the source) - Jackie Keeler has had this "Pretendian List" circulating for a while with a lot of the people on it being harassed by clout chasing white people who want to be Native Adjacent. Any findings should only be released publicly. Death certificates list both parents with their birth places and mother's maiden name. [34] She says the list is the product of decades of Native peoples' efforts at accountability. The list contains both those being probed and those who have already been disavowed by tribes they claim affiliation with. [48] Discussing her research, she wrote for the Globe and Mail, Who are these people? ", "I Knew Rachel Dolezal Back When She Was Indigenous", The Native roots of the bizarre Rachel Dolezal drama, "Race of Rachel Dolezal, head of Spokane NAACP, comes under question", "Read the NAACP's Full Statement on Rachel Dolezal", "Dartmouth Removes New Native American Head Amid Ethnicity Questions: Tribes accused Susan Taffe Reed of misrepresenting herself as American Indian", "Dartmouth criticized for Native American Studies hire", "Four Words for Andrea Smith: 'I'm Not an Indian', "Tribes Blast 'Wannabe' Native American Professor", "Rachel Dolezal Outs Andrea Smith Again; Will Anybody Listen This Time? "Is Ward Churchill the New Michael Bellesiles? There's a post about . Now, a piece in the San Francisco Chronicle argues that Littlefeather, who died earlier this month, was a fraud. [36], On September 13, 2021, the CBC News reported on their ongoing investigation into a "mysterious letter", dated 1845 (but never seen before 2011[37]) that is now believed to be a forgery. Unless a person shares their background and history, appearance isnt going to give anything away. After the actress, model and Native American civil rights activist died at age 75 earlier this month, Littlefeather's two sisters claimed that she lied about her indigenous ancestry and was previously known by the family as "Deb" in a bombshell interview with the San Francisco Chronicle. But how I digress, as with Sacheen Littlefeather who sadly passed away recently, there have been plenty of people who insist that she was a woman of Apache and Yaqui Indian ancestry. Despite being enrolled in a federally recognized tribe (a term Keeler emphasizes a lot), Campbell remains on the alleged pretendian list. Then questions arose about her identity. This phenomenon took place following the "lndian Preference" regulations in new hiring practices at the Bureau of lndian Affairs in the early 1970s. As a practice, being a pretendian is considered an extreme form of cultural appropriation,[8] especially if that individual then asserts that they can represent, and speak for, communities they do not belong to. What Is Land Acknowledgement? The reestablishment and exercise of tribal sovereignty among tribal nations (following the era of Indian termination policy) meant that many individuals raised away from tribal communities sought, and still seek, to reestablish their status as tribal citizens or to recover connections to tribal traditions. Unclear how he got enrolled. Keeler doesnt mention if she reached out to Northern Cheyenne tribal officials. Laura Browder, " 'One Hundred Percent American': How a Slave, a Janitor, and a Former Klansmen Escaped Racial Categories by Becoming Indians", in Beyond the Binary: Reconstructing Cultural Identity in a Multicultural Context, ed. Several people on the list have also denied Keelers claims of fraud. [32] Working with other Natives in tribal enrollment departments, genealogists and historians, they began following up on the names many had been hearing for years in tribal circles were not actually Native, asking about current community connections as well as researching family histories "as far back as the 1600s" to see if they had any ancestors who were Native or had ever lived in a tribal community. To be clear: We were. While Jon Levine, the reporter of the Post piece, emailed back to say he grabbed the picture in question from Keelers Instagram, and he later tweeted as much, Keeler went a different routeone that we had been told in advance she might. Written by author Jacqueline Keeler, whose running "Alleged Pretendians" list documents cases of Native American ethnic fraud, the article cites two of Littlefeather's sisters who say that their sibling lied about her heritage. [25][a], While Indigenous communities have always self-policed and spread word of frauds, mainstream media and arts communities were often unaware, or did not act upon this information, until more recent decades. Her sisters say she was an ethnic fraud", "Sacheen Littlefeather's Sisters Say Claim of American Indian Heritage Was A Fraud", "Criminalizing 'Pretendians' is not the answer; we need to give First Nations control over grants", "There is nothing innocent about the false presumption of Indigenous identity", Teillet Report on Indigenous Identity Fraud. Lawrence was unable to provide evidence of Native ancestry; she is not an enrolled member of any federally or state-recognized tribe, an editors note above the Times piece now reads. Based solely on the one ancestor listed in this letter, over 1,000 people were enrolled as Algonquin people, making them "potential beneficiaries of a massive pending land claim agreement involving almost $1 billion and more than 500 sq. - A list of pretendians. Accusations of anti-Black bias in the creation of the list have also been brought up. In many cases, there is no longer a tribe to enroll the few who survived. From 2012 to this year. Theres so many things hurting our communities, and theres so many beautiful things to celebrate, and her witch hunt sucks up all the oxygen, she added. The rise of pretendian identities post-1960s can be explained by a number of factors. To drop that even as a social worker social justice worker is to drop out of an innocent game of badmitten in favor of fear and unnamed opposites: fear and/ control. The "Alleged Pretendians List" is the creation of Jacqueline Keeler, a Native American writer and activist who has spent years busting fakers in politics and academia. Now I've known about Marie Cruz (stage name Sacheen Littlefeather) and her false claims to Apache/Yaqui ancestry for a while now, thanks to Jacqueline Keeler's Pretendian list.But it's only in the last couple of days that it's become wider knowledge, thanks to an article Keeler penned for the San Francisco Chronicle.. of writer and activist Jacqueline Keeler in its coverage of the Pretendian/Karendian/Defendian Native identity and ethnic fraud controversy, Keeler shot the messenger in this case, yours truly. There are many angles to the story, and this one, while not the most crucial, piqued our interest due to the New York Post/Fox News connection and Fox News previous manipulation of photos. So called Indianness is good enough for every purpose. Would love to hear your thoughts on our first week in the comments below. Let us focus on unity and building bridges! Among famous names like Johnny Depp and Elizabeth Warren are seemingly random people. While faking Indigenous American identity for positions of prestige is a problem, sovereign tribes and nations should be leading investigations into citizenship claims. Because I was once also a race-shifting white guy. Niezwyka biografia Sat-Okha, czyli jak si zostaje legend, "Gang Memoir, Turning Page, Is Pure Fiction", "An Ancient Bracelet, a Personal Haunting and an Overdue Reckoning", "Cher Refuses To Apologize For 'Half-Breed' After Twitter War Fuelled By Trump's Diversity Coalition Appointee", "Kaya Jones: The 'Apache' Native American Ambassador For Trump", "Monday, January 8, 2018 Native American ambassadorKaya Jones? So how was she hiding from the Eugenics Survey in the 1920s and 30s, when all they had to do was walk up to her doorstep and knock, after reading the Burlington Free Press whenever her children were announced to have been born to the couple in that newspaper?! It is also another colonial act. [41] Academic Dina Gilio-Whitaker wrote that the truth about community leaders is "crucial", even if it means losing a "hero", and that the work Littlefeather did is still valuable, but there is a need to be honest about the harm done by pretendians, especially by those who manage to fool so many people that they become iconic:[35], The stereotype Littlefeather embodied depended on non-Native people not knowing what they were looking at, or knowing what constitutes legitimate American Indian identity. We suspect that might change soon. As with the Abenakis of Vermont and New Hampshire, the Penobscots, Maliseets, Mikmaqs, nor the Passamaquoddies, let alone the Federally Recognized tribal communities, in the past or present, have ever questioned or even really validated objectively, that these people in Vermont and New Hampshire actually descend from the Abenakis. "Report on Conclusion of Preliminary Review in the Matter of Professor Ward Churchill". The idea here was that I watch from my apartment in Toledo and wait for the night sky to tell me to travel to defen Indian land from the Alberta pipelines. The issue is that she seems to have gone about it in a bad way, that actually hurts the overall effort. . Fair warning, I know Jackie Keeler and she stood with us at a protest at the BIA. Keeler insists Agards heritage traces itself back to Barbados and showed genealogical records which she said backed up the assertion. In 2015 Reed was forced out as director of the schools Native American Program over allegedly faking membership in the Eastern Delaware Nations. [4] The CBC investigation used handwriting analysis, and other methods of archival and historical evaluation to conclude the letter is a fake. I appreciate Keelers work in trying to out people like Linda for the frauds they are! Today, the Nulhegan groups leader, Don Stevens has hijacked a 1796 Deed in northern Vermont and New Hampshire, ratified by Louis Metallic in the 1830s, implying that his ancestor Peter Phillips Sr. (1832-1906) and his ancestors were Abenakis connected to that Deed. This is your angle @RobCapriccioso? I'll just hold off my judgment till more comes out. She attached links to Ancestry.com with some names, which indicates at least some of this research is being conducted via Ancestry.com searches. Elizabeth Cook-Lynn wrote of the influence of pretendians in academia and political positions: [U]nscrupulous scholars in the discipline who had no stake in Native nationhood but who had achieved status in academia and held on to it through fraudulent claims to lndian Nation heritage and blood directed the discourse. There are many angles to the story, and this one, while not the most crucial, piqued our interest due to the New York Post/Fox News connection and Fox News previous manipulation of photos.). Adopt and donot adopt. They indignantly assert that no one has the right to question her self-identity. Communing with the Dead: The 'New Mtis,' Mtis Identity Appropriation, and the Displacement of Living Mtis Culture. As a cultural and political identity . The Eugenics didnt target Abenakis, but rather Poor White persons, and families, as well as French-Canadians, and Black families such as the Phelps up in St. Albans, Vermont. Mnikwou Lakota poet Trevino Brings Plenty writes: "To wear an underrepresented people's skin is enticing. First of all, Sovereignty has always been limited with ANY federally recognized tribe. At the same time, we were defining the long-established Karendian and Kendian terms not supporting misogyny and, again, we. This can also negatively impact the actual Native folks listed as relatives and in-laws. She then claims to be Indigenous and to be conducting "research" in order to escape being exposed. There is a pattern that "pretendians" follow: They exploit peoples lack of knowledge about who American Indian people are by perpetuating ambiguity in a number of ways. Pretendians are a major problem yet Im disturbed that theres a list like this that feels arbitrary. While Jon Levine, the reporter of the Post piece, emailed back to say he grabbed the picture in question from Keelers Instagram, and. Indigenous Definition: How To Use It Correctly and Related Terms To Avoid, Interview Jana Schmieding Lakota Actress From Peacocks Rutherford Falls, To Fight Gangs and Their Grip On Our Children, Stereotype Proved incorrect: Natives drink LESS than European Americans. Keeler has a reputation for doing this kind of thing. Then she deletes related tweets and other social media that would undermine her integrity, and she usually presents herself in the end as the aggrieved, yet righteous, victor on whatever issue she is championing. The Pee Dee tribes in South Carolina are thoroughly documented and are supposed to become federally-recognized soon, along with the Waccamaw tribe. Most of the people mentioned in the V.E.S. [2] The IACA makes it illegal for non-Natives to offer or display for sale, or sell, any art or craft product in a manner that falsely suggests it is Indian produced, an Indian product, or the product of a particular Indian or Indian Tribe or Indian arts and crafts organization. Hence, she believes that some on the list are hiding behind the Black Lives Matter movement by strategically labeling her list racist and pointing to times she has allegedly tweeted the N-word and has allegedly supported doing blackface.). A pretendian (portmanteau of pretend and Indian) is a person who has falsely claimed Indigenous identity by claiming to be a citizen of a Native American or Indigenous Canadian tribal nation, or to be descended from Native ancestors. My dad is 5/8ths Yankton Dakota, but they had to choose a tribe, she told critics in March. Indeed, some Odanak Abenaki Families descendants do in fact reside in Vermont. This is intentional violence. She attached links to, with some names, which indicates at least some of this research is being conducted via, searches. ), (Keeler is referring here, we think, to the fact that we define the already-established terms Karendian and Kendian within our piece with which she takes umbrage, but we assure you, no misogyny on our behalf was intended. In the hunting and fishing realm, they are mostly white men. Creating an alleged pretendian list of possible offenders with incomplete research, possible bias and implication of actual Natives alongside alleged pretensions isnt safe for Indian Country nor should it be the standard of this OPINION piece of angsts about Jacqueline Keeler or her list of frauds. [47], Why do they do it? And in her defense, one PECHANGA educator, she checked out, not enrolled, IS Pechanga by blood/birth her parents died without getting her enrolled, and now is caught in Pechanga's moratorium. [36][35][44][45][46][47] In Settler Colonialism + Native Ghosts - "Community, Pretendians, & Heartbreak", Robinson posits that, Quite often this seems to be a cynical ploy towards some kind of anti-Indigenous political programme, as Darryl Leroux and others have demonstrated quite convincingly and handily regarding the explosion of groups in eastern Ontario, Qubec, the Maritimes and parts of New England (2019) where quite often the absolutely astronomical growth in new claimants of Indigeneity can be clearly traced back to white supremacist, anti-Native, political projects in opposition to Aboriginal and Treaty rights. Linda turned my family against me. "[9], Patrick Wolfe argues that the problem is more structural, stating that settler colonial ideology actively needs to erase and then reproduce Indigenous identity in order to create and justify claims to land and territory. What the heck? Keeler replied on Twitter, referencing the Indigenous Wire piece. As Verity said, the family is very well documented. It takes a person with enough knowledge of the gaps in the system to exploit them. At the same time, hippie and New Age cultures marketed Native cultures as accessible, spiritual, and as a form of resistance to mainstream culture, leading to the rise of the plastic shaman or "culture vulture." Saturdays article in The Chronicle spurred backlash from many Native American people. Getting rid of every single pretendian isn't going to (I think) strengthen our sovereignty changing our rolls to include all our people does . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Pow Wows are one of the best ways to connect with your ancestral heritage and celebrate Native American culture. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. (Keeler is referring here, we think, to the fact that we define the already-established terms Karendian and Kendian within our piece with which she takes umbrage, but we assure you, no misogyny on our behalf was intended. [19], By 1990, as noted in The New York Times Magazine, many years of "significant pushback by Native Americans against so-called Pretendians or Pretend Indians" resulted in the successful passage of the Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990 (IACA) - a truth-in-advertising law which prohibits misrepresentation in marketing of American Indian or Alaska Native arts and crafts products within the United States. Their silence has not meant complicity. Your joke in protest, they say they are hungry for more ? It is a shame Keeler has refused to listen to a different opinion. They claimed they were all hiding in plain sight due to fears of discrimination, and of course, using the Eugenics Survey of Vermont 1925-1937 as an excuse, hijacking that for gains publicly and politically. She is going to put a lot of people in jeopardy with this action; their livelihoods, their families. [5], In October 2022, actor and activist Sacheen Littlefeather died. Mr. Stevens claims repeatedly that his maternal grandmother was hiding her identity by merely and only using Lillilan/Pauline or Delia as her first name, to avoid the 1931 Eugenics sterilization law of Vermont. Required fields are marked *. Since the 1990s and 2000s, a number of controversies regarding ethnic fraud have come to light and received coverage in mainstream media, leading to a broader awareness of pretendians in the world at large. Its simply another expression of white privilege., (Keeler is referring here, we think, in a roundabout way to people with a combination of Black and Native ancestry/heritage who have felt attacked by her list of alleged ethnic fraudsters. The Alleged Pretendians list now has 90 folks on it. The crux of the article is as follows: Cruz' sisters deny that . For a first-time violation of the Act, an individual can face civil or criminal penalties up to a $250,000 fine or a five-year prison term, or both. After the whole New York Times/Claudia Lawrence debacle, I was fed up and tired of tiptoeing around frauds because of the power they wield. Pretendian: In case you need more proof than Sacheen Littlefeather's listing on Keeler's fictitious Pretendian list that Keeler was attempting to scam Littlefeather. Problem with this narrative of his, is that the objective evidence shows her as Delia throughout most of her life, in Burlington City Directories, Census Records, her childrens birth, marriage and death records, and even in the Burlington Free Press, including her place of residence! What you are doing to Keeler is no different than the abuse you allege she is inflicting. https://jacquelinekeeler.substack.com/p/hollywood-fantasy-is-sacheen-littlefeather?utm_medium=email. Not the people or communities of the identity being claimed. The rise of pretendian identities person shares their background and history, appearance isnt going put! People in jeopardy with this action ; their livelihoods, their Families, actor and activist Sacheen died... Actually hurts the overall effort of Professor Ward Churchill '' in order to being! In order to escape being exposed reside in Vermont the Chronicle spurred backlash from many Native people... 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